Genitourinary paracoccidioidomycosis complicated with urinary outflow obstruction—a report of two cases and a review of the literature

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic granulomatous mycosis caused by the fungus Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Also known as South American blastomycosis and Lutz-Splendore-Almeida disease, PCM is endemic in South and Central America, especially in Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Argentina. Its chronic form, which accounts for more than 80% of cases, usually affects men between 29 and 60 years old—predominantly rural workers—and it is characterized by polymorphic lesions that may affect any organ, in particular the skin; the lymph nodes; the lungs; the oral, nasal, and gastrointestinal mucosa; the adrenals; and the central nervous system. The genitourinary tract is the least commonly involved system in chronic PCM. In the present paper, we describe two cases of genitourinary PCM located in the penis and the prostate that were treated at our institution, and we review the pertinent literature.